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''Cyrtosperma merkusii'' or giant swamp taro, is a crop grown throughout Oceania and into South and Southeast Asia. It is a riverine and "swamp crop" similar to taro, but "with bigger leaves and larger, coarser roots." It is known as ''puraka'' in Cook Islands, "Lak" in Yap (FSM), Babai in Kiribati, ''pula’a'' in Samoa, ''via kan'' in Fiji, Pulaka in Tokelau and Tuvalu, ''simiden'' in Chuuk, ''swam taro'' in Papua New Guinea, ''navia'' in Vanuatu〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/am014e/am014e04.pdf )〕 and ''palawan'' in the Philippines. The same species is also known by the names ''Cyrtosperma lasioides'', ''Cyrtosperma chamissonis'' and ''Cyrtosperma edule''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=506754 )〕 In the harsh atoll environments of the Central Pacific, especially Tuvalu and Kiribati, swamp taro is an important source of carbohydrates in a diet dominated by fish and coconut. Its cultivation is difficult and time consuming and the plant has deep cultural as well as practical significance. The roots need to be cooked for hours to reduce toxicity in the corms, but are rich in nutrients, especially calcium.〔 The cultivation of Pulaka in Tuvalu, and babai in Kiribati, is an important cultural and culinary tradition, now under threat from rising sea level and displacement from the growing use of imported food products. In Nepal, Giant Swamp Taro is called ''mane'' and grows in the tropical and sub tropical forests along stream banks. It is gathered in January-February and all plant parts (leaf, stem, rhizomes) are savored after being boiled and roasted. The stem requires prolonged boiling and the water is replaced once to remove irritating chemicals. If cooked carefully, the rhizomes taste like taro and the leaves like spinach. But without careful washing, the food causes an unpleasant tingling or scratchy sensation. 〔 〕 ==Species== Giant swamp taro is the largest of the root crop plants known collectively as Taro, which are cultivated throughout Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Although outwardly similar to Colocasia esculenta, the most widely cultivated taro, it belongs to a different genus. The plant may reach heights of 4–5 metres, with leaves and roots much larger than Colocasia esculenta. It is relatively resistant to disease and pests but is susceptible to taro beetle. The corm, which can reach weights of 80 kg or more, is starchy and cream or pink in colour, with a taste similar to sweet potato, though it is drier in texture. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cyrtosperma merkusii」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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